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Amnesty International
Amnesty International (commonly known as Amnesty and AI) is a non-governmental organisation focused on human rights with over 7 million members and supporters around the world. The stated objective of the organisation is "to conduct research and generate action to prevent and end grave abuses of human rights, and to demand justice for those whose rights have been violated."〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=About Amnesty International )〕
Amnesty International was founded in London in 1961, following the publication of the article "The Forgotten Prisoners" in ''The Observer'' 28 May 1961,〔Peter Benenson. "(The Forgotten Prisoners )", ''The Observer'', 28 May 1961. Retrieved 28 May 2011.〕 by the lawyer Peter Benenson. Amnesty draws attention to human rights abuses and campaigns for compliance with international laws and standards. It works to mobilise public opinion to put pressure on governments that let abuse take place.〔 The organisation was awarded the 1977 Nobel Peace Prize for its "campaign against torture,"〔 and the United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights in 1978.〔
In the field of international human rights organisations, Amnesty has the longest history and broadest name recognition, and is believed by many to set standards for the movement as a whole.〔James Ronand, Howard Ramos, Kathleen Rodgers (2005), ("Transnational Information Politics: NGO Human Rights Reporting, 1986–2000" ), International Studies Quarterly (2005) 49, 557–587〕
==History==
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